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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drugs that act against disease are... |
Chemotherapeutic agents |
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Drugs that treat infections are... |
Antimicrobial agents |
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Chemicals that affect physiology in any manner are known as... |
Drugs |
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Penicillium chrysogenum is classified as a... |
Fungus |
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Penicillium chrysogenum released the first discovered antibiotic known as... |
Penicillin |
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Chemically altered antibiotics that last longer and are more effective are known as... |
Semi synthetic antimicrobials |
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Antimicrobials that are completely synthesized in a lab are known as... |
Synthetic drugs |
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The number of different pathogens that a drug acts against is known as... |
The spectrum of action |
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Define the zone of inhibition... |
It is the area around the paper disc in the Kirby Bauer susceptibility test that shows the least amount of the antibiotic needed to inhibit the growth of microbes. |
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The ratio of the dose of drug that can be tolerated to the drugs effective dose... |
Therapeutic index |
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What are 2 results of the disruption of normal microbiota? |
1. Secondary Infections 2. Overgrowth normal flora-super infections |
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True or False: Some pathogens are naturally resistant to antimicrobial drugs. |
True |
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True or False: Resistance in bacteria can be acquired by new mutations of chromosomal genes. |
True |
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True or False: Acquisition of 'R' Plasmids via transformation, transduction and conjugation are a way in which resistance by bacteria can be acquired. |
True. |
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How many mechanisms of microbial resistance are? |
At least seven mechanisms. |
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This protein that is produced by mycobacterium tuberculosis binds DNA gyrase which prevents the binding of fluoroquinolone drugs. |
MfpA protein |
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True or False: A pathogen can acquire resistance to more than one drug. |
True |
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Multidrug-resistant pathogens are resistant to at least how many antimicrobial agents? |
3 |
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Resistance is common when what is exchanged? |
'R' Plasmids |
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What breaks a bond in penicillin rendering it inactive? |
Beta lactamase |
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Name the two main types of resistance. |
Multiple resistance and cross resistance |
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Name some ways of retarding resistance. |
1. Use antimicrobials only when necessary. 2.Develop new variations of existing drugs such as 2nd and 3rd generation drugs. 3. Search for new antibiotics, semi synthetics and synthetics. |
