Uveal Tract

Failure of the optic cup to close in the retinal fissure

Involves the inferior nasal quadrant if the uvea

White sclera, notching defect of lens, key hole pupil

Failure of the anterior growth and differentiation of the optic cup

Photophobia, VA of 20/200 deteriorates with corneal opacification and glaucoma optic atrophy, cataracts

Results in a rudimentary iris concealed behind the corneoscleral limbus

Lighter iris

Darker iris

Blood vessel and collagen fiber atrophied and replaced by a sclerosed network of collagen tissues

Eventually iris atrophy causes

Most of the time seen in children causing blurred vision, diplopia or distorted image

Fine, markedly tortuous anastomosed, tightly meshed network of blood vessels on the surface and w/in the stroma of the iris

May cover the trabecular meshwork and cause neovascular glaucoma

Intra-ocular inflammation involving the uveal tract and adjacent ocular structures

Eye redness, blurring of vision, tearing , photophobia, pain or discomfort, floaters

EOM not affected, there can be dull pains, irregularly shaped, eccentric poorly dynamic pupils, conjunctival injection

Main clinical findings in uveitis

Aggregates of inflammatory cells on the corneal endothelium

Base down configuration of keratic precipitates on the endothelium

After resolutuon, disappears completely, becomes smaller, translucent, or pigmented

Non-granulomatous, neutrophils, lymphocytes, acute inflammation

Granulomatous, macrophages, giant cells, chronic inflammation, severe

Inflammed or enlarged corneal nerve, jnfected probably by herpes virus

Calcium deposits on corneal epithelium, usually in the interpalpebral region of cornea

Caused by chronic inflammation, the pH balance in the surface of the eye changes and it favors depositio of calcium

Moth eaten iris, absent crypt, iris atrophy, synechia, nodules, heterochromia

Nodules located in the pupillary border

Nodules in the iris body or stroma

Nodules found in the angles

Immune cells on the anterior chamber and flare

Increased protein content in aqueous due to damaged iris blood

Ideal for defining extent and height of retinal and choroidal lesions

Penetrates vitreous haze, media opacities, cataract

Gives wider view of fundus and inverted view

Ideal for viewing vascular abnormalities, intraretinal lesions, vitreoretinal traction

Better for assessing macular edema

Snowballs, haze, strands, membranes, vitreo-retinal traction in Vitreous

Inflammatory cells around blood vessels

Similar to cotton wool spots deep within the retina

Can be red in color, typically described as dot blot, pinpoint, flame or spindle shaped

Yellow in color, cotton wool spots are fluffier in appearance

Yellow in color with distinct borders

Organized collection of macrophages in inner retina

There is lighten up of iris, normay red orange and white scars due to infections

Occurs when a tear/break/hole in the retina leads to fluid accumulation w/ a separation of the neurosensory retina from RPE

No retinal tear, exudative, serous, tractional

A cause of chronic inflammation resulting to scarring, appears as plaque and bands if yellow white tissue

Appear as grayish yellow elevated masses

Fluid accumulation underneath the macula, with petaloid appearance

Accumulation of white fibroglial mass over pars plana and adjacent retina

Pars plana snowbanking

Involves only the iris, coenea up to the pars plica

HLA-B27 related: ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's JIA, viral

Pars plana involves more of the ciliary body, vitreous and lens

Pars planitis, TB

Pars plana up to the optic nerve

Posterior scleritis, TB

Combination of the 3

TB, VKH, toxoplasma, toxocara

Topical medical management for Uveitis